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Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening

Big Walker Tunnel - Rehabilitation

Service Performed
Rehabilitation design services
Commencement - Services
February 22, 2001
Completion - Services
October 17, 2001
Location
Richmond, VA
United States
Technical data

2 two-lane highway tunnels constructed in 1971. Length: 4229 ft (1289 m) each; cross section: 907 sqft (84 m²). Design of remedial waterproofing and diversion system installed in air ducts and on vertical walls. Project focused on minimizing vehicular flow disruptions and lane closures.

Geology description

Brown Shale

Geology types
Final cost
$7,500,000
Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening, Waterproofing & Water Control
Big Walker Tunnel Portal
East River Mountain Tunnel Portal
Damaged Tunnel Lining
Water Ingress Damage to Tunnel Lining
Concrete Corrosion at Side Air Conduits and Tunnel Sidewall Drains
Rehabilitation Cross Section
Detail of Waterproofing System
East River Mountain Tunnel
Tunnel Portal
Water Ingress in Air Duct

General Eng. Rehabilitation

Owner
Service Performed
Rehabilitation Scheme for Abandoned Rail Tunnel
Commencement - Services
January 01, 2001
Completion - Services
January 01, 2003
Location
San Francisco, CA
United States
Technical data

Abandoned rail tunnel built 1911 using timber lagging support system. Proposed reconditioning for multi-use “rail trail” with option for future LRT system integration.

Final cost
$7,000,000
Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening

East London Line - Thames Tunnel Refurbishment

Service Performed
Design of the tunnel refurbishment works including the waterproofing and drainage, the new tunnel lining and track slab, and the new track alignment. Construction supervision.
Commencement - Services
November 01, 1995
Completion - Services
January 01, 1997
Location
Rotherhithe, London
United Kingdom
Technical data

The brick lined tunnel constructed by Mark Brunel between 1825 and 1841 was the first to be bored underwater using a shield and comprised of a twin arch tunnel, 375m in length, with cross passages every 5.5m. The new lining has been designed to minimizethe removal of existing structural brickwork and has a similar shape with cross passages to match the original tunnel. The reinforced concrete/shotcrete lining includes steel fibers to increase the strength and durability of the lining. A waterproof membrane has been installed around both tunnels and the cross passages between the structural brickwork and the new concrete lining.

Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening, Site Supervision & CM, QA/QC

DART - Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Tunnels Inspection

Service Performed
Design and Supervision of Leak Remediation Measures
Location
Dallas, TX
United States
Technical data

Leak remediation measures at the East and West Connector to the Mezzanine Level of City Place Station. Measures consistend of joint and crack grouting, the installation of a felxible membrane lining on the structural concrete lining and a cleaning of the existing drainage system.

Description

Leak remediation measures at the East and West Connector to the Mezzanine Level of City Place Station. Measures consistend of joint and crack grouting, the installation of a felxible membrane lining on the structural concrete lining and a cleaning of the existing drainage system.

Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening, Waterproofing & Water Control
Construction methods

Exchange Place Station - PATH Line Improvements

Service Performed
Tunnel excavation and lattice girder geometries and layout
Commencement - Services
October 19, 2002
Completion - Services
October 19, 2003
Location
Jersey City, NJ
United States
Technical data

Station platform expansion and track crossover reconfiguration for PATH Lines at Exchange Place Station; re-mining of running tunnels and crossovers. Excavation in Manhattan Schist with road headers and support of caverns with rock bolts, lattice girders and fiber reinforced shotcrete.

Geology description

Heavy foliated gneiss, schist, schistose gneiss with pegmatite intrusions occasional amphibolite; Transitional (Slope/Rise) Rock.

Geology types
Description

Exchange Place station on the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) commuter rail service between New York and New Jersey. After the collapse of the World Trade Center, Exchange Place station and the river crossing running tunnels were closed. Two 16 ft (5 m) long concrete plugs were installed at the Exchange Place end of the under river tunnels to prevent flooding of the subway system as a result of water flowing from broken water mains and sewer lines and generated by extensive fire fighting efforts at Ground Zero. Excavated in the mica schist of the New York / New Jersey region, the station complex comprises a set of five roughly parallel tunnels. Turning the existing elements into a terminus and extending the platform tunnels a further 150 ft (45 m) involves excavating new crossovers, modifying the profile of the existing tunnels, raise the invert and crown in others up to 9 ft (3 m) and back filling unneeded tunnel spaces to create the ground in which new spaces can be excavated. Only man access was available through the elevator facilities at the closed Exchange Place station, material had to be carried out by specially equipped work trains about 4 miles (6.5 km) west to the underground station to the surface staging areas. To re-open this important element of infrastructure - PATH provided a daily average of 260,000 passengers trips prior to September 11, 2001 - as soon as possible the whole project was finished in about 24 month.

Final cost
$25,000,000
Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening
Plan Layout of PATH Line Improvement and Widening
3D Model of Crossovers
Breakout from exisiting Tunnel
Lining Demolition at Tunnel Widening
Road Header
Road Heading Excavation
Crossover under Construction
View from Station Platform to Crossovers
Completed Crossover

Lonquimai Tunnel

Service Performed
Rehabilitation design
Commencement - Services
October 22, 2001
Completion - Services
October 22, 2003
Location
Temuco
Chile
Technical data

The 4500 m (14,760 ft) long Lonquimai Tunnel is a one lane, concrete lined road tunnel. The rehabilitation design foresees to line 3500 m (11,500 ft) of the tunnel with a flexible waterproofing membrane protected by a 5 cm (2 inch) thick shotcrete shell and the installation of a new drainage system.

Geology description

Hard rock

Geology types
Final cost
$1,800,000
Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening, Waterproofing & Water Control
Tunnel Portal
Existing Tunnel Condition
Deterioration by Water Inflow

Lehigh Tunnels

Service Performed
NATM design, instrumentation and construction supervision services; waterproofing system design and rehabilitation support services.
Commencement - Services
March 25, 1987
Completion - Services
December 25, 1991
Location
Route 283, Eisenhower Blvd
Allentown, PA 17034
United States
Technical data

New highway tunnel, two lanes, 28 ft (8.5 m) x 40 ft (12.1 m) x 4,265 ft (1300 m). Constructed using NATM with drill and blast excavation measures. Installation of PVC membrane and thermal insulation in air duct of the 50 year old, two lane road tunnel during rehabilitation. Tunnel lenght: 4,138 ft (1260 m); waterproofed area: 117,000 sqft (10870 m²).

Geology description

Sandstone, shale, siltstone.

Geology types
Description

The Lehigh Tunnel No.2, part of a 4-lane motorway running East-West through Pennsylvania, was one of the first tunnels in the US built using NATM. Capacity problems of Lehigh Tunnel No.1 caused delays during peak times. The new tunnel was excavated using top heading, bench and invert excavation with shotcrete support. To achieve a completely dry tunnel a PVC membrane was installed between primary shotcrete lining and the final cast-in-place lining. Tunnel rehabilitation including the installation of a PVC membrane and thermal insulation in the air duct was performed to the original tunnel.

Activity
Final cost
$25,000,000
Service areas
Rehabilitation & Tunnel Widening, Waterproofing & Water Control
Ventilation duct with ice build-up
Installation of waterproofing system
Typical Cross Section
View of exisiting Tunnel Portal
Preparing Tunnel Portal to start Excavation
Tunnel Face with Shot Holes ready to blast
Formwork for Cast-in-Place Final Lining
Final Lining and Invert Drain Trench
Lehigh Tunnel No. 2 - Completed Southbound Portal
Lehigh Tunnel No. 1 - before Rehabilitation
Frozen Water Leakage in Upper Air Duct
Drainage
Lehigh Portals Tunnel No. 1 (left) and the new Tunnel No. 2
Preparations
Spiles and anchor
Spiles and anchors
seeping water
Profile check
Carrier
Essembling the formwork
Incident doing form essembling
Glossy tunnel walls
Glossy tunneling
Finished tunnel
Reinforcement of roadway
Pipes
Northportal
Lehigh Tunnel #1 & #2 South Portal
Project number
115D
Final cost
$25 million USD

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