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Barrel Vault Method

Chinatown Station

Service Performed
Conceptual, preliminary, detailed design of underground caverns, egress tunnels and mined shafts; scheduling and cost estimating; risk management; specifications and tender. Onsite support during construction.
Estimated cost
$1,600,000,000
Commencement - Services
March 01, 2016
Completion - Services
March 31, 2018
Location
425 Market Street Suite 1700
San Francisco, CA 94105
United States
Geology description

The geology ranges from soft clay (Bay Clay) to stiff sands (Colma Sands) and competent to highly fractured rock (Franciscan Formation). The groundwater table is generally above the cavern springline.

Geology types
Description

Chinatown Station is the Northern Terminus of the Third Street Light Rail Project, which is located in a dense urban neighbourhood, underneath a busy street and directly adjacent to numerous old buildings, as well as one high-rise building. The station encompasses a Cut-and-Cover headhouse for passenger entry, three large station caverns and an emergency egress shaft. In order to minimise excavation volume and optimise cost and schedule, the ventilation ducts are located below the platform level, and routed into the headhouse.

Activity
Construction methods
Special Construction techniques
Barrel Vault Method, Compensation Grouting
Tunneling under
Groundwater control
Tunnel length
2.7km
Excavation and support sequence of large urban cavern
Large urban cavern under construction
Excavation and support sequence - longitudinal section
Chinatown, San Francisco Dense Urban Neighborhood
Overall Station Layout, Headhouse and Caverns (Rendering by JV)
Station Cavern with Center Platform, Mezzanine and Ventilation Ducts
Proposed Mitigation Measures for adjacent Buildings
Complex 3D Finite Element Analyses
Project number
358E
Final cost
$1.6 billion USD
Completion date
Ongoing

Boston Central Artery, Contract No. 95287-C11A1

Commencement - Services
December 28, 1995
Completion - Services
December 11, 2003
Location
Boston, MA
United States
Technical data

Road tunnel, 4 lanes, L = 3,940 ft (1200 m). Design of a mined solution to the engineers cut & cover tunnel design using NATM with various pre-support and groundwater cut-off measures, including barrel vaulting and cut-off walls.

Geology description

Glacial till (cohesive and granular) and weathered to unweathered argillite bedrock.

Geology Type: Hard Rock

Geology types
Description

Barrel Vault Method

Special Construction techniques
Barrel Vault Method
Cross Section MBTA Red Line Station
Cross Section and Support Measures
Proposed Cross Section near MBTA Bus Tunnel

B 27 Bypass Tunnel Oberrieden

Service Performed
Detailed design, instrumentation and construction supervision
Commencement - Services
December 28, 1990
Completion - Services
December 28, 1992
Location
Bad Sooden-Allendorf
37242 Oberrieden, Hesse
Germany
Technical data

Two lane road tunnel, 520 m length, construction techniques incl.: NATM, Doorframe Slab Method, Cut & Cover, Barrel Vault Method under existing railway embankment.

Geology description

Bunter Sandstone (sandstone, clystone), sand, clay and 120 year old railway embankment (rock fill, sand, clay, gravel).

Geology Types: Mixed Face

Description

The German Federal Railway Authority imposed high demands on safety since it did not allow for any disruption to railway traffic.

Barrel Vault Method, Doorframe Slab Method

Activity
Final cost
$12,500,000
Special Construction techniques
Barrel Vault Method, Doorframe Slab Method
Canopy, start of shotcrete work
Canopy, anchor beam
Installation of the Barrel Vault
Portel under construction, barrel vault completed
Doorframe slap, I-beam installation
Installation of the barrel vault
Top heading
Sidewall drift, top heading, grouting of foundation aera
Sidewall drift, grouting at invert & bench
Sidewall Dirft, Bench
Side Drift Top Heading, Break Through
Cross Section, Excavation Sequences
Side Wall Drift, Temporary Shotcrete Invert at Top Heading
Sidedrift, Top Heading, Shotcreting
Installation of the Barrel Vault, Drill
Sketch of Railway Underpass
Finished Portal
Grouting at Invert and Bench
Installed Barrel Vault
Door Frame Slab, Open Cut for Slab Preparation
Portal Preperation
Pipes isntalled
Pipes installation at T.H.
Pipes installation at T.H
Installed barrel vault
History
Barrel Vault pipe/whole through
Test
Installed
Pump utilities
Installation of Pipes
Cement for grouting
Installation of pipes
Equipment Drill Rig
Drill device
Installation of pipes
In_Situ test
Project Overview and different Construction Methods
Excavation and Support Concept
Scheme of the Doorframe Slab Method
Doorframe Slab Method
Scheme of the Barrel Vault Method
Barrel Vault at S-Portal
Barrel Vault at N-Portal
Barrel Vault Pipe Installation
Shotcrete Canopy at S-Portal
Tunnel Portal beneath Active Rail Line
Shotcrete Middlewall
Finished Tunnel

Channel Tunnel Rail Link, Contract 330: Galley Hill Tunnels

Service Performed
Preliminary Design of NATM Alternatives for road under crossing and Barrel Vault Tunnel Alternative for Railway Line under crossing.
Commencement - Services
June 29, 1997
Completion - Services
October 21, 2003
Location
Kent
United Kingdom
Technical data

3 x twin track railway tunnels. Approximately 12m span. Oblique to 35m wide chalk spine. 1 x 7m span access tunnel, 35m long.

Geology description

Weak Rock Upper Chalk and Chalk/Clay fill embankment.

Geology types
Special Construction techniques
Barrel Vault Method

Beacon Hill Station

Service Performed
NATM / SEM station design and construction supervision.
Estimated cost
$250,000,000
Commencement - Services
February 26, 2000
Completion - Services
December 28, 2007
Location
401 S. Jackson Street
Seattle, WA 98104
United States
Technical data

NATM Light Rail Station located 150 ft (46 m) beneath surface. Station complex includes central elevator/access shaft, concourse, opposing platform tunnels and cross passages. Platform Tunnel Section: 36 ft w x 31 ft h; Platform Tunnel Area: 925 sqft (86 m²); total Station Excavation Area: 63,000 sqft (5853 m²).

Geology description

Over-consolidated glacial clay and till with fracutured zones. Intermittent sand and silt layers with perched groundwater.

Geology types
Description

The Beacon Hill Tunnels and Station are part of the 22.5km initial segment of the Sound Transit Central Link Light Rail Line that will establish a high capacity commuter connection from downtown Seattle to Tacoma. The 1300m running tunnel under Beacon Hill will be mined by Earth Pressure Balance Machine (EPB), while the deep mined Station will be constructed using slurry walls and the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), referred to as Sequential Excavation Method (SEM) for this project.

Activity
Bid cost
$280,000,000
Final cost
$280,000,000
Construction methods
Special Construction techniques
Tunneling under
Max Overburden
Min:120 Max:140
Beacon Hill Station layout
Tunnel excavation under way
3D rendering of Beacon Hill Station complex
Platform tunnel cross section
Schwind Thomas
Installation of Vacuum Dewatering
Rendering of Beacon Hill Station
Project number
325
Final cost
$280 million USD