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Eglinton Crosstown LRT – Site Supervision

Service Performed
Detailed 24/7 supervision and engineering support for three SEM stations in soft ground; namely Laird, Avenue and Oakwood.
Commencement - Services
November 01, 2015
Completion - Services
December 01, 2021
Location
97 Front Street West
Toronto, ON M5J1E6
Canada
Geology description

Glacial depositional systems created a complex distribution of heavily overconsolidated till layers, separated by interstadial stratified deposits of glaciolacustrine clay, silt, and sand.

Geology types
Description

The Crosstown is a light rail transit line, which is part of the regional transportation plan for the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area. The project will provide a 19km corridor across Eglinton Avenue, connecting ten stops and 15 underground stations with a 10km twin-bored tunnel. Dr. G. Sauer & Partners provided detailed design for Laird, Avenue and Oakwood stations. A combination of Cut-and-Cover construction for the shafts and mined technique (SEM) for the tunnels has been utilised. The 24/7 supersvision services provided engineering support, detailed inspection and documentation by a team of eperts for each of the three stations.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Building, Road
Route map (www.thecrosstown.ca)
Laird Station Excavation
Project number
467E
Project Type
Final cost
$8.25 billion CAD

Bank SCU - Design CAT3 Check

Service Performed
Category 3 design checking of temporary timber heading works and permanent square works structures.
Commencement - Services
March 01, 2013
Location
London
London
EC3V 3LA
United Kingdom
Geology description

The geology comprises London Clay formation overlain by Quaternary superficial deposits comprising river terrace deposits and alluvium which are generally overlain by made ground.

Geology types
Description

Bank Station is a London Underground station located in the City of London financial district. It is a key interchange served by five lines. The Bank Station Capacity Upgrade (BSCU) aims to relieve heavy passenger congestion during peak hours for boarding, alighting and interchange. The capacity upgrade comprises the construction of a new southbound platform tunnel and associated length of running tunnel for the Northern line, connecting passageways to the existing station tunnels, and the provision of step-free access from King William Street. The total length of tunnels is 1,300m with tunnel cross sections that range from 10m2 up to 90m2.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Building, Road
BSCU project overview
3D render of existing and new structures
Project number
451D1
Project Type
Final cost
£563.8 million GBP
Completion date
Ongoing

Ottawa Light Rail Transit - Execution

Service Performed
Site supervision services, engineering support and monitoring assessment. 24/7 presences on site to facilitate RES process and implement design requirements on site.
Commencement - Services
February 01, 2012
Completion - Services
January 01, 2019
Location
259 Albert Street
Ottwa, ON K1R 7Z0
Canada
Geology description

The geology varied between competent limestone and fractured shale. A soft ground section included variable glacial till deposits of sand, silt and clay layers and a groundwater table close to ground surface.

Geology types
Description

Ottawa's Confederation Line runs from Tunney's Pasture station in the west to Blair station in the east, is 12.5 km long and includes 15 stations. The central piece is a 2.5 km long tunnel, running under the central business district of the city and including three underground stations. The twin track running tunnel and the three underground stations were constructed using the mined construction method in order to minimise surface disruption. The underground stations are located directly adjacent to existing, sensitive and historic buildings and required strict adherence to design and risk mitigation processing during construction. The Dr. G. Sauer & Partners on site team supported the contractor to meet these requirements.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Building, Road
Station cavern and running tunnel construction underway
Excavation of station cavern complete with tension ties visible
Project number
123E
Project Type
Final cost
$2.1 billion CAD

Highway 401 Crossing - Design Representation on Site

Service Performed
Design Representation on Site; ensuring design compliance and documentation. Signatory on Required Excavation & Support (RES) Sheet.
Commencement - Services
September 01, 2019
Completion - Services
January 01, 2020
Location
97 Front Street West,
Toronto, ON ON MJ5
Canada
Geology description

Granular and cohesive embankment fill underlain by glacial till underlain by glacial till. Subsurface obstructions such as piles and boulders.

Geology types
Description

The TTP are delivering a new two track rail tunnel of approximately 176m length crossing the Highway 401. The purpose of the tracks is to increase capacity along the Kitchener GO commuter rail corridor as well as to accommodate the new Union-Pearson (UO) Express service. The new rail tunnels are mined under the 401/409 Highway using the Sequential Excavation Method (SEM). Our role on this assignment was to provide tunnel design services addressing the challenging conditions (e.g., very low overburden, intercepting piles and maximum settlement allowance) as well as providing on site design representation.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Road
East Portal Entrance
Top Heading Excavation Face
Project number
487E
Project Type
Final cost
$117 million CAD
Completion date
Ongoing

Highway 401 Crossing - Design

Service Performed
SEM tunnel design consisting of IFC drawings, specifications, 3D FE analysis and detailed design reports.
Commencement - Services
November 01, 2017
Completion - Services
January 01, 2019
Location
97 Front Street West
Toronto, ON ON MJ5 1E6
Canada
Geology description

Granular and cohesive embankment fill underlain by glacial till. Subsurface obstructions such as piles and boulders.

Geology types
Description

The TTP are delivering a new two track rail tunnel of approximately 176m length crossing the Highway 401. The purpose of the tracks is to increase capacity along the Kitchener GO commuter rail corridor as well as to accommodate the new Union-Pearson (UO) Express service. The new rail tunnels are mined under the 401/409 Highway using the Sequential Excavation Method (SEM). Our role on this assignment was to provide tunnel design services addressing the challenging conditions (e.g., very low overburden, intercepting piles and maximum settlement allowance) as well as providing on site design representation.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Road
3D Finite Element Model
Plan View
Project number
487D
Project Type
Final cost
$117 million CAD

Luck Stone Fairfax Plant – Inspection Works

Service Performed
In-depth inspection of a connector tunnel in accordance with TOMIE manual and the SNTI manual of the U.S. Department of Transportation - FHWA.
Commencement - Services
July 01, 2016
Completion - Services
July 31, 2016
Location
15717 Lee Hwy
Centreville, VA, VA 20121
United States
Geology description

The prevalent rock type of the tunnel is diabase. The rock mass is moderately jointed, with closely to very closely spaced joints. The rock is slightly weathered.

Geology types
Description

Inspected tunnel connects two quarries at the Luck Stone Corporation Fairfax plant. The tunnel crosses beneath the Lee Highway (US Route 29), in a North-South direction. Built ca. 1975, the tunnel is partially unlined and in rock; approx. 190 feet long and approx. 22 feet wide and 22 feet high. As the Northern quarry side is already exhausted, the tunnel is rarely used with just one or two transits per day.
Dr. Sauer & Partners performed an in-depth inspection of a connector tunnel; assessed the tunnel condition and provided remedial measures.

Activity
Service areas
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Road
Connector Tunnel - North Portal / Highwall
Connector Tunnel - South Portal / Highwall
Project number
242E1
Final cost
n/a

Ottawa Combined Sewage Storage Tunnel (CSST)

Service Performed
TBM segmental lining design, rock mass grouting design and engineering support services during construction. Value engineering efforts helped increase TBM tunnelling performance by reducing probing ahead.
Commencement - Services
February 01, 2016
Completion - Services
February 01, 2020
Location
110 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, ON K1P 1J1
Canada
Geology description

The alignment of the tunnels mainly crosses limestone formations with laminated black shales of varying thickness. The rock is overlain by glacial till, glaciofluvial deposits and fill.

Geology types
Description

The CSST project is part of the Ottawa River Action Plan to greatly reduce the frequency of sewage overflows during storms entering the Ottawa River. The tunnels will hold up to 43,000 m3 of sewage overflow which will be treated and returned to the river gradually. The project comprises design and construction of two TBM tunnels running east-west and north-south along 6.2 km in total, and multiple shafts and support buildings such as odour control facilities. Dr. G. Sauer & Partners supported the contractor with the feasibility study on TBM utilisation. Reduction of probe drilling requirements increased TBM excavation rates, by developing criteria for pre-excavation grouting.

Activity
Categories
Final cost
$232,000,000
Construction methods
Special Construction techniques
Tunneling under
Building, Road
Overview plan of the CSST   (http://ottawa.ca)
East West Tunnel under construction (3m tunnel ID)
Excess wet weather flow is sent to the CSST (http://ottawa.ca)
Project number
481C
Final cost
$232 million CAD
Completion date
Ongoing

Crossrail C121 SCL Design CAT3 Check

Service Performed
Specialist sub-consultant for the analysis, design check, and design improvement recommendations of SCL structures.
Commencement - Services
January 01, 2011
Completion - Services
December 01, 2013
Location
25 Canada Square
London
E14 5LQ
United Kingdom
Geology description

The SCL tunnels are located in London Clay and Lambeth Group with overlying strata of terrace gravels and made ground.

Geology types
Description

Crossrail is a 118km railway line along an east-west route across London. Its central section runs via 21km twin-bore tunnels connecting eight underground stations and represents one of the world's largest infrastructure projects. Dr. Sauer & Partners was assigned to provide Category III independent design checking services on the Sprayed Concrete Lining works for the complete Whitechapel and Fisher Street SCL structures. Additional 3D non-linear FEA and assessments were carried out for the wraparound and junction structures of the Liverpool St Station and the Bond St Station.

Activity
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Building, Road
FEM results of binocular structure at Fisher Street Crossover
Fisher Street Crossover under construction
Project number
222C2
Final cost
£16 billion GBP

Tel Aviv Metro - Red Line

Service Performed
Dr. Sauer & Partners provides services as Checking Engineer for the design of all underground tunnels (NATM & TBM) and Cut and Cover structures.
Commencement - Services
April 01, 2011
Location
26 Harokmin St.
Tel Aviv
Israel
Geology description

The geology comprises predominantly sand and cemented dune sands called Kurkar, but also clay.

Geology types
Description

The Red Line will link the most congested areas of the city of Tel Aviv, operating along 24km and serving 34 stations. The light rail trains will run above ground as well as through a tunnel section of 11km length, connecting ten underground stations. Excavation of the twin tube tunnels will be undertaken by TBMs. The tunnels will be connected by cross passages spaced at a maximum distance of 250m. Station boxes will be constructed using diaphragm walls and piles. The Red Line should start its operation by 2021 and transport 70 million passengers per year.

Activity
Final cost
$300,000,000
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Building, Road
Route map (www.nta.co.il/en/line/73)
Galei Gil Shaft to be used to launch TBMs
Project number
362C1
Final cost
$3 billion USD
Completion date
Ongoing

Reshen Kalimash Motorway Project

Service Performed
Dr. Sauer & Partners in joint venture with iC Consulenten provided mitigation and tunnel stabilisation as well as NATM redesign following a tunnel collapse.
Commencement - Services
November 01, 2009
Completion - Services
July 01, 2010
Location
Sami Frasheri No. 33
Tirana
Albania
Geology description

The geological setting is influenced by the Alpine geosyncline resulting in a complex tectonic behaviour of a variety of igneous and metamorphic rocks cut by major fault zones.

Geology types
Description

A major collapse during construction of the Thierre Tunnel in 2009 led government officials to call on NATM experts to come up with an innovative fix for the 5.6km, two-lane twin tunnel, which is part of the new Reshen Kalimash Motorway. Recommended stabilisation measures by the Dr. Sauer/iC JV such as backfilling, ribs and fibre shotcrete were implemented and halted creep movements. An alternative design was developed and replaced the original horseshoe profile by an ovoid shape. Pre-treatment, excavation works and support installation were accompanied by extensive monitoring.

Activity
Final cost
$1,000,000,000
Construction methods
Tunneling under
Road
Stabilisation measures: Backfill and fibre shotcrete "egg"
Ovoid shape emerging from horseshoe profile
Project number
428E
Final cost
$1 billion USD

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