Urban Rail/Bus Stations and Tunnels

2.5 km Dual Track Running Tunnels and two Stations with a maximum span of 16.2 m. Excavation of 60-65 m² running tunnel in combined top heading/bench with a subsequent invert excavation. Reinforcement consists of lattice griders and welded wire fabric for initial lining and welded wire fabric for final shotcrete lining.

A modern closed motorway 680 km long following an alignment running across Epirus and Northern Greece from Lgoumenitsa to Evros. DSC provided design review services on three twin bore two lane highway tunnels, total length 1.26km (each bore), cross section 106m2 approx. Tunnel supported by rock bolts and shotcrete with inner reinforced concrete lining. Design check included seismic and explosion loading cases.

NATM Light Rail Station located 150 ft (46 m) beneath surface. Station complex includes central elevator/access shaft, concourse, opposing platform tunnels and cross passages. Platform Tunnel Section: 36 ft w x 31 ft h; Platform Tunnel Area: 925 sqft (86 m²); total Station Excavation Area: 63,000 sqft (5853 m²).

The brick lined tunnel constructed by Mark Brunel between 1825 and 1841 was the first to be bored underwater using a shield and comprised of a twin arch tunnel, 375m in length, with cross passages every 5.5m. The new lining has been designed to minimizethe removal of existing structural brickwork and has a similar shape with cross passages to match the original tunnel. The reinforced concrete/shotcrete lining includes steel fibers to increase the strength and durability of the lining. A waterproof membrane has been installed around both tunnels and the cross passages between the structural brickwork and the new concrete lining.

Temporary shotcrete lining design of running tunnels, step plate junction, temporary works access tunnels, shafts, platform and concourse tunnels and ventilation tunnels. Permanent lining design, reinforced concrete and steel fibre reinforced shotcrete.

NATM running tunnel connecting Convention Center station with surface to be constructed beneath historic downtown structures as part of existing LRT system expansion. Provided initial design package, including detailed cost estimate. Tunnel Length: ~446'* Cross Section: 41'-4" x 26'-11"; 895.24 ft^3 *Including widening zone for track cross-over.

Limited surface access and highly congested underground space with old cast iron tunnels platform tunnel very close together with passenger access and exit at the western end only. The feasibility design looked at options to improve the passenger space at the existing access and exit point, provide a second means of escape, MIP lift access to the surface and smoke extraction.

Conceptual and preliminary engineering services for the Chinatown Station of the MUNI Light Rail System in San Francisco. The responsibilities include constructability evaluations, alignment and construction alternatives studies and preparation of preliminary design documents. Alternatives, including deep bored tunnel vs. shallow NATM tunneling will be evaluated.

Railway link between Heathrow Airport and Paddington Station 2 underground stations: (Central Terminal and Terminal 4). Trial station tunnel with three different excavation and support sequences; lenght: 100 m, diameter: 8 m approx.